Exploring the world of wine can be both exciting and intimidating. From browsing wine menus to reading bottle labels, you might come across terms that leave you puzzled. To help you feel confident and informed, we’ve compiled a guide to some of the most common wine terminology. Whether you’re a budding enthusiast or a seasoned connoisseur, understanding these terms will enhance your wine experience.
1. Tannin
Tannins are natural compounds found in grape skins, seeds, and stems. They contribute to the structure and texture of wine, often creating a dry, astringent sensation in the mouth. Red wines typically have more tannins than white wines due to the extended contact with grape skins during fermentation.
2. Body
The “body” of a wine refers to its weight or fullness on the palate. Wines are generally categorized as light-bodied, medium-bodied, or full-bodied. For example, a Pinot Noir is often light-bodied, while a Cabernet Sauvignon is typically full-bodied.
3. Acidity
Acidity is what gives wine its crisp and refreshing quality. High-acid wines can taste zesty and vibrant, while low-acid wines might feel softer or richer. Acidity is especially important in balancing sweetness and enhancing food pairings.
4. Dry vs. Sweet
A “dry” wine has little to no residual sugar, meaning it’s not sweet. Sweet wines, on the other hand, contain more residual sugar. The spectrum between dry and sweet includes off-dry and semi-sweet wines, offering something for every palate.
5. Aroma vs. Bouquet
While both terms refer to the scent of wine, they have distinct meanings. “Aroma” describes the natural fruity and floral scents of young wine, while “bouquet” refers to the complex aromas that develop as wine ages.
6. Terroir
“Terroir” (pronounced tehr-WAHR) is a French term that encapsulates the environmental factors affecting a vineyard, such as soil, climate, and topography. Terroir plays a significant role in the unique characteristics of a wine.
7. Legs
After swirling wine in a glass, you might notice streaks running down the inside of the glass. These are called “legs” or “tears.” While often misunderstood, legs are simply an indicator of the wine’s alcohol content and viscosity, not its quality.
8. Vintage
The vintage of a wine refers to the year the grapes were harvested. Wines with a vintage on the label are made primarily from grapes harvested that year. Non-vintage wines, often seen in sparkling wines, are made from a blend of grapes from multiple years.
9. Decanting
Decanting involves pouring wine from its bottle into another container (a decanter) to separate it from sediment and allow it to aerate. This process enhances the flavors and aromas of certain wines, particularly older reds and bold young wines.
10. Finish
The “finish” describes the lingering taste and sensations after swallowing wine. A long, complex finish is often considered a hallmark of quality wine.
11. Sommelier
A sommelier (pronounced suh-mel-YAY) is a trained wine professional who specializes in wine service and pairings, often found in fine dining establishments. Sommeliers can guide you in selecting the perfect wine for your meal.
12. Cuvée
“Cuvée” (pronounced koo-VAY) is a term used to describe a blend of wines. It’s often associated with sparkling wines but can also refer to special wine blends in still wine production.
13. Appellation
An appellation is a designated wine-growing region, often regulated by specific rules about grape varieties, winemaking techniques, and quality standards. Examples include Napa Valley in the U.S. and Bordeaux in France.
14. Oaky
When wine is aged in oak barrels, it can take on flavors like vanilla, caramel, or toast, described as “oaky.” The influence of oak depends on factors like the type of barrel and length of aging.
Expand Your Wine Vocabulary
Understanding these terms will not only deepen your appreciation for wine but also make your next tasting or shopping experience more enjoyable. At our online wine shop, we’re here to help you navigate the world of wine with confidence. Explore our selection and put your newfound knowledge to the test—cheers to learning and savouring!